Kazan Kremlin

Contents:

  • The main area of ​​Kazan
  • Kazan Kremlin - the center of the state system of the republic
  • Kul-Sharif Mosque - Muslim religious center of Kazan
  • Central Stadium Kazan
  • Kazan State Circus - flying saucer
  • Cultural and entertainment center "Pyramid"
  • Pedestrian street of the historic center of Kazan

To Kazan this summer attracted the attention of representatives of States from all over the world. Although Kazan attractions before attracted tourists, this year there was a real rush of visitors. City - the capital of the Universiade 2013 - became almost 3 weeks the concentration of a large number of athletes, fans, journalists and fans of the sport.

For this event in Kazan was built many sports facilities, among which the main stadium - Kazan Arena, which was the venue for the opening and closing ceremonies of the Universiade. In addition to sporting events, visitors to the city had the opportunity to see the main sights of Kazan: Kul-Sharif Mosque, Annunciation Cathedral, Kazan Kremlin, circus and more. others. This city, being the oldest in the country, annually attracts thousands of tourists both from Russian and from foreign cities.

 Kul-Sharif Mosque
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The main area of ​​Kazan

Millennium Square is the largest in size in the city and at the same time one of the biggest areas of Russia and the world. City for many begins with this attractions and facilities located in the area have long been a hallmark of the city. If you arrive in Kazan on the train, you will be required to meet the Millennium Square. Its impressive dimensions - about 100 000 sq. m. It is the central stadium of Kazan. The roadway will allow tourists to reach it by bus, trolley bus and even on the subway. Gardens, lawns, encountered along the way will make your trip unforgettable.

The area was opened in 2002. To this end, it took a few cut Bauman Street and the New Kremlin, and carry small buildings and low-rise buildings. Originally, the area was called the Fair, and later (in 2005) it was renamed in honor of the celebration of the millennial anniversary, noted that while the city. Millennium Square is always becomes the main venue for the most important events and activities. Thus, the annual celebration of the Republic Day, City Day and Victory Day is held in front of the stadium. In the New Year's holidays are set huge Christmas tree. To everyone was as comfortable as possible, assembled around the stage spectator seats, bleachers and more. The rest of the time, when there is no need to hold festivities on the square are arranged driving courses.

 bell tower of the Cathedral of the Epiphany
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Kazan Kremlin - the center of the state system of the republic

The square is adjacent the Kazan Kremlin, which in 2005 was included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is a whole range of architectural attractions of the Republic of Tatarstan. No written evidence, when it was founded by the Kremlin does not exist.

However, for many years there is an official version, according to which the city of Kazan was founded in the beginning of X century.

Perhaps it was at this time is the beginning of the construction and the Kremlin. At about the same time period dates back to the formation of the Bulgarian principality, which is located in the northern part of the present territory of the Kremlin.

For several years it has several times been under siege by the Tatars, and from 1240, when Batu Khan conquered principality became part of the Golden Horde. After the Horde split up in this area for 1445 to 1552 there was the Khanate of Kazan. It was under the rule of the Golden Horde Khans, the first of which was the Ulu-Muhammed. He executed the Bulgarian prince and began again to maintain a system of collecting tribute from the Moscow principality. In 1552, Ivan the Terrible was able to capture the Khanate of Kazan and the whole castle was in ruins. To reconstruct the city, Ivan the Terrible had brought from Moscow architects, among whom were those who engaged in the erection of St. Basil's Cathedral. But even in the 16th century part of the walls and towers of the Kremlin still consisted of wood materials. Only in the 17th century all the buildings of the Kremlin were rebuilt and began to stone.

After the Khanate was annexed to Russia, the Kremlin did not so important in terms of defensive structure, but began to perform other, political, and became the administrative center of the Kazan province. But it remained for a short time, in 1773 during the uprising Pugachev Kazan Kremlin has again become a military fortress. And for some time in one of the casemates Kremlin kept Emelyan Pugachev to send to Moscow for the penalty. In 1774, the realization of the plan for urban development Kazan Kremlin and began to grow around the new houses and streets. Gradually formed a big city.

During the Napoleonic Wars in the Kremlin, the plant was located on the harvesting of guns and their repair. XX century has become quite tragic in the history of the Kazan Kremlin. In the years when nationwide conducted anti-religious activities, the majority of towers, churches, bell towers and churches were destroyed. Icons, iconostases and other religious relics were lost. But in the sixties of the last century restoration workshop was organized by the Republic of Tatarstan, which, thanks to the archaeological excavations and research of the Kremlin in 1917, has achieved significant results. Since 1992, the Kremlin became the seat formed at the time of the Republic of Tatarstan.

 bridge "Millennium"
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Kul-Sharif Mosque - Muslim religious center of Kazan

The mosque was destroyed, when the city was stormed Ivan the Terrible, could not be reborn again, to be a major religious center of the Muslims of the Volga region. Only in 1996 began its construction, which lasted for 9 years. It was named in honor of the last Imam of the old mosque - Kul-Sharif. He was among the people, defending the fortress and died defending the city. The mosque was also open to the millennial anniversary of the city of Kazan. The construction took about 400 million rubles, which were collected through donations from individuals and organizations. The mosque can simultaneously accommodate almost one and a half thousand people, and the area in which it is located, designed by 10 thousand people. By the way, inside the mosque you can see a list of people who have made donations to the process of construction of a mosque.

Architectural features of the Kul-Sharif allow to reflect all the features of the Muslim religion. Around the mosque has 4 minarets with a height of almost 60 meters. The central dome recalls some details "Kazan cap", which according to some is the crown of Kazan khans, he was taken away by Ivan the Terrible in Moscow and is now exhibited in the Armory. Every detail of the mosque has a history. For example, marble and granite were brought here from the Urals, and strengthened within the extraordinarily beautiful chandelier created for special projects in the Czech Republic. Carpets are also the gifts from the government of Iran. The building has always attracted tourists, and in the evening and at night adorns the city with their lights.

 Alexander's passage
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Central Stadium Kazan

The stadium, which is home to the football team "Rubin" the republic of Tatarstan, was put into operation in the sixties of the last century and originally was called the "Central Stadium VI Ulyanov-Lenin. " At the opening in Kazan was the football club "Iskra", which in its first game at the home stadium won a crushing victory over the team of the city of Kamensk-Ural "Metallurg". In those years the stadium could hold 30,000 spectators, but today it holds a little less than 28 thousand.

For the Universiade stadium was remodeled around him there are additional parking spaces for cars, and in September there was held the qualifying match for the 2014 World Cup between the national teams of Russia and Luxembourg. The stadium constantly held games within the Russian football championship, the Champions League and, of course, the athletic competitions of various levels. The inside of the stadium consists of several buildings, including: locker rooms for athletes and administrative offices, shopping arcades and offices, rooms of doping control, shop parking lot serving technology.

 Park 1000th anniversary of Kazan
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Kazan State Circus - flying saucer

Kazan - a city that has more than a century of circus life. The first circus was organized here Nikitin brothers in 1890. The modern circus building was built in 1967 and contains more than 2 million viewers. When the circus is organized children's circus school and a circus museum. The school taught disciplines such as clowning, juggling, acrobatics, choreography, gymnastics, juggling and more.

The teachers at this school are the Honored Master of Sports and Merited Artist of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan. Tatar circus group for a few years was regarded as the best circus troupe country. There are still entering the arena the most eminent artists of the circus genre. So, during the Universiade (June-July 2013) with its program here advocated Zapashny Brothers Circus.

 Street Esperanto
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Cultural and entertainment center "Pyramid"

On a flying saucer circus attractions do not end with Kazan, who have the original appearance. Thus, almost opposite the main stadium, you can contemplate a most unusual architectural exhibit - a pyramid. It is a unique structure in the country and the largest in the Volga area and entertainment center. Although both during and after the construction of many prominent citizens and statesmen protests and negative emotions in response to ongoing projects.

According to them, this is very neorganichno Pyramid fits into the historical ensemble of the city center, with its ancient Kremlin walls and towers. But those who have a positive attitude towards the new construction in the historic part of the city, yet most, and they are, on the contrary, are similar motifs in the pyramid and Spasskaya Tower on one side and it is in the circus - on the other.

Pyramid has several important public and state functions. It hosts all sorts of meetings and summits, performs a number of important orders not only national and state, but also world-class. For example, here held summit of Islamic business, the World Congress of Tatars. In addition to these activities, Pyramid organized international and Russian festivals and competitions (billiards, bodybuilding, fitness). In this building focus and other entertainment places of entertainment and nightclub, salon, restaurant, cafe and other organizations such orientation. Not far from the complex is a five-star hotel "Mirage", which is at any time ready to accommodate all the guests who came to participate in some activities organized by the "Pyramid".

 Kazan Virgin Monastery
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Pedestrian street of the historic center of Kazan

Bauman Street is one of the main streets, which the city can be proud of. There is a huge number of architectural monuments, which are devoted to the history of the city and the individuals who in some way associated with it. This street is the oldest, located on the territory of the Kazan and during the existence of the Kazan Khanate, it was called the Nogai street. After the Kremlin walls were destroyed by the storm Ivan the Terrible, the street was renamed. It was first named Prolomnaya and later Big Prolomnaya. And only in 1930 it was decided to give the name of the revolutionary Bauman Street - a native of Kazan.

In 1986, the street became a pedestrian only, both before and after that time were conducted active measures for its improvement. In the form in which it is possible to watch it now, it was in the early nineties of the twentieth century. To get to the street can be on the subway (station located at the end and beginning of the street - "Square of Tukai" and "Kremlin", respectively). Even you can get it directly from the Square of Tukai, which you can get to the trolleybus or bus, as well as from the surrounding streets. Bauman street is the most crowded at any time of the year and at any time of the day and even at night. There are many restaurants, cafes, shopping canopies.

In various places in the streets from time to time you can watch the presentation of young actors, musicians, earning his first royalties. At some distance from each other you can meet a large number of small fountains and sculptures that amaze every time their audience. Among them there is a monument Chaliapin, a monument to the carriage of Catherine II, a monument Kazan cat. The coach is a replica of the vehicle that delivered the Empress in Kazan in 1767.

A sculpture of a cat plays the cats, which Catherine took the Winter Palace in order that they hunted mice in the Winter Palace. At the end of the street there are street clock, made in Arabic style, and composition "Kilometer Zero of Kazan", which indicates the distance from Moscow to New York, to the North Pole. Walking through this historic town, you can get acquainted with national stars of Tatarstan: here is the Avenue of Stars, similar to the one that is located in Hollywood.

The bronze monument to the great Russian singer Fyodor Chaliapin was founded in 1998. It is located at the Epiphany Cathedral, where the actor and was baptized. The composition "describes the" departure of Russian Chaliapin and his farewell to his native Kazan in 1922. This monument is the first in the world dedicated to the great artists. This is not the only way of honoring and recognizing the inhabitants of Kazan talent of his countryman. Every year the festival Chaliapin that enables all music lovers to get together and enjoy the classical program.

 Kazan - a city with a thousand years of history




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