Contents:

• Diseases of flowers caused by viruses
• Diseases of flowers caused by fungi
• Diseases of flowers caused by bacteria

The house in which there are indoor plants, beautiful beginning. Air it felt fresh, light - brighter, and the walls - cleaner. The islets of greenery pleasing to the eye and are able to become their owners a good hobby. However, as in any other walk of life, you will inevitably run into a problem - diseases of flowers. All living organisms susceptible pathogens, including plants. We offer you a small guide diseases houseplants - it will help you diagnose the problem and get rid of it as soon as possible.

Diseases of flowers caused by viruses

Viral diseases have houseplants pretty difficult to diagnose. If their development is slowed down the growth of the flower, so the diagnosis is often reduced to the adverse conditions of detention and malnutrition. In addition, the virus is difficult to detect due to the fact that the plant rarely dies, and the symptoms are often confusing. How to sort out all of these diseases of flowers?

1. "Jaundice" - a virus due to the action which the leaves of the plant turn yellow-green or yellow

   Sometimes they can even see the odd pattern consisting of concentric circles whimsical. Some shoots or even the entire flower entirely fall behind in growth, appears brittle stems. The latter is associated with an excess of starch in the cells - they are just filled with them!

2. Mosaic disease

   It manifested in the form of a variety of spots and stripes of white or yellowish color, and highlights or dark areas on the flowers. This is due to the collapse of the chloroplasts in the cells. The spots can be guessed odd, as if a mosaic pattern - which is why the disease got its name. Leaves of plants are usually also subjected to deformation become curly or wrinkled. The disease most often affects those flowers like calla lilies, begonias, primroses, gidrangei and pelargonium.

3. Leaf curl is also caused by a virus

   Because of its multiple actions appear small spots of no more than two millimeters, which then dries. Leaves different silnovyrazhennoy wrinkled and curly, and the flowers are deformed in the future. Sometimes the disease is accompanied by pale yellow or grayish-white streaks and spots. He especially susceptible poinsettia, pelargonium, primula and gidrangei.

Infected parts of the plant should be removed and destroyed. Then wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. You can not fight viruses using chemical agents. A precise definition of the type of disease is very difficult. That is why much more correct to prevent the appearance of the virus. For this regularly spend combating insects which usually carry pathogens. Use only cuttings from healthy plants, as is often the flower is infected even in the greenhouse through mechanical damage to the stem or root. In hot and dry weather, the plant must be entered into the shade and spray more often.

Diseases of flowers caused by fungi

A common disease of colors is powdery mildew. It is a mushroom sphaerotheca pannosa. The first evidence of its presence is the appearance of small whitish spots. You can easily delete them with your finger, but they are sure to return, an increase in size and having acquired a grayish hue. Over time, the mycelium will be more compacted, it will eventually lead to the appearance of brown powdery coating. It may be present on both sides of leaves of plants. Which, incidentally, will gradually dry, wither and fall off. Height of the flower eventually stop. For the development of this fungus are most favorable humidity and warm temperature in the room - about eighteen to twenty degrees.

If you caught the disease at an early stage of its development, the affected leaflets or buds must be removed. With the further spread of fungi choose special means to combat powdery mildew, "Speed", "Vectra", "Topaz." But you can, using preventive measures to protect your plant from this scourge. To this end, about three or four times over the summer pollination produce sulfur. Do not forget to thoroughly ventilate the room, without cold drafts. Watch the amount of fertilizer used. In particular, the overfeeding of flowers (particularly during budding) nitrogenous fertilizers is fraught with the development of powdery mildew.

Peronosporosis like a disease houseplants described above - it is called downy mildew. First the fungus affects the leaves, flowers and stems but also does not shun under favorable conditions. At the beginning on top of the sheets appear grayish yellow spots. They have a vague outline and rather pale. Below the affected areas can see a light gray powder, which is none other than the mushroom. In the course of the disease it gets dark, and the leaves are corrugated, sluggish and eventually dry up.

In order to get rid of this disease, carefully remove the diseased leaves and strongly affected plants. It is recommended to spray the areas preserved a one percent solution of Bordeaux mixture, it can also be used a solution of soda ash in concentrations of 0, 5 per cent. Pay special attention to the underside of the leaves. Special means against this disease are considered "kuproksat" and "oksihom." You will need to carry out a course of at least five anti-fungal treatments, the duration of each must be between seven to ten days. Of course, disease prevention is better than cure. To keep this low humidity, regularly ventilate the room with flowers, thin out the plants and clean, change the soil and disinfect it.

There is a whole group of diseases of indoor plants, caused by both fungi and bacteria. They are called "spot". They appear in the form of dry or moist brown spots. In the process of developing the disease, these tumors grow, connect and capture the entire area of ​​the sheet. At the initial stage spot not too dangerous, but if the disease spreads to the stem, increases the risk of death of the plant. What types of diseases are most common?

• Anthracnose

  More often it are exposed to rubber plants and palm trees. The patient can see the plants brown patches on the leaves with dark brown streaks on the tips. There may be minor or reddish brown with a gray or yellow border spots, gradually increasing in size. Typically, they are located in the middle (in contrast to the situation with overdrying soil when they are moved closer to the edge of the sheet).

• Septoria Leaf Spot

  It is characterized by the appearance of dark gray or dark brown spots with yellow border (these symptoms can be seen at the anthurium) or small reddish or reddish-yellow dots (more often on the azaleas), which gradually grow. In the course of developing the disease in the center of the spots appear blackening. They should be especially careful, because it - the fruiting bodies of the fungus. They can survive on leaves during the winter, even in sub-zero temperatures and continue its spread in the spring.

• Red Burn

  Striking Hippeastrum. With the defeat of this disease on the flower stalks, onion and leaves form narrow red spots. Later they appear fertile crust. It starts deformation of leaves and flowers, which leads to the cessation of flowering bulbs rot.

• Fillostiktoz

  It is characterized by dark oval or round spots with a fairly dark trim on the border with the healthy part of the sheet. Often damaged tissue falls out and you can see how the sheet is perforated gradually.

• Askohitoz

  First, there are small patches of different shapes. They can be brown or reddish brown or yellow rim. This disease can occur at indoor plants in varying degrees of severity. The most unpleasant - is askohitoz chrysanthemums, which most often affects the plants belonging to the family Asteraceae.

For all patchiness characteristic same regimen: it is necessary to remove the diseased leaves and burn. After that, the whole plant should be treated with a systemic fungicide, "Vectra", "strobe", "Abig rush", colloidal sulfur, Bordeaux mixture, copper sulphate - they all fit. The course of treatment should be carried out twice with an interval of seven to ten days. You should also reduce watering and cancel spraying to prevent moisture contributed to the spread of the fungus. In order to avoid the appearance of spots on your houseplants, avoid hot and humid conditions. There should be no excessive watering and a large crowding colors. Remember to ventilate the room.

Fusarium - Another fairly common and dangerous disease for houseplants. It affects the color of any age. Fusarium fungus found in soil and through it, and through wounds, penetrating into it. Younger colors first symptoms manifest themselves in the form of root rot: the tissue becomes brown hue leaf - yellowing, and the stem becomes thinner. The tops start to wither, it goes pretty quickly on the plant as a whole. Fusarium spreads through the soil centers. The most vulnerable to a reduction in color. The form of the disease may be acute (the plant dies within five to seven days) or chronic (disease lasts for weeks).

Unfortunately, effective ways to cure this disease at an advanced stage there is - it is better to eradicate the focus of removing and destroying the flower with the root system and a clod of earth. Pots necessarily need to be sanitized using the five percent solution of copper sulfate or bleach. But if wilting just begun, you can try to process plant drugs, "benomyl" or "Vectra". An alternative method is to save the flower stalk and cutting the upper transplanting it into a new pot. Fusarium prevention measures are the same as for other fungal infections: airing, loosening of the upper soil layer, its disinfection. When working, use an alcohol sterilization of instruments: scissors, knives, and even garter material.

There is a fungus with a rather interesting name "rust." It is formed from the type of spots that are a symptom of the disease - it is orange-brown bumps. On the reverse side of the sheet you can see something like pimples circular or oval shape. Over time, the spots are transformed into stripes and leaves of the plant start to turn yellow and fall off. In order to prevent the development of the disease, must be uniformly watering potted plants, avoiding high humidity in the room. If you have already encountered the "rust", we recommend that you get rid of the infected branches and leaves. The remaining parts of the plants sprinkle special means "strobe", "Vectra", "Topaz" kuproksat, Bordeaux mixture. The treatment must be repeated for two or three times at intervals of ten days.

Diseases of flowers caused by bacteria

Just like in the human world, in the world of indoor plants, there are many bacterial diseases that can harm your plants. They do not always have a clear clinical development, and individual symptoms may be mixed with each other. All this greatly complicates the diagnosis, even for the experienced gardener.

As you know, very often on the plants you can see spots. Bacterial spot appears that some parts of the sheet die, but, in contrast to the diseases caused by fungi, these spots are not strongly pronounced borders - on the contrary, they are more typical blurry edges. These sites can be oily or water. They grow quickly, which is why leaves wither, turn yellow and die. Logically, the bacteria multiply rapidly in warm and humid conditions.

Another bacterial attack - rot. At her plant tissue soften and die, then this place will appear watery rotten mass, usually has an unpleasant odor. This illness are more prone to domestic flowers have fleshy succulent leaves and stems, as well as those who have a lot of contact with the moist soil - bulbous and tuberous. Decay can damage any part of the plant - leaves, roots, stalks. Contribute to the development of infection poor conditions: excessive watering, cool temperature, a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer.

Fight bacteria is possible only if they did not penetrate into the vascular system of a flower. Diseased plants should be placed in dry conditions, abandoning spraying and bathing with plain water. The affected tissue together with small fragments of healthy should be removed each time disinfecting tools with alcohol. Then spray the plant is copper-containing drugs or Bordeaux mixture. If the treatment does not work, the plant must be destroyed (it is better to burn).

These are the most common diseases of indoor plants. We hope that your flowers will not affect all these misfortunes!