Anthurium is known popularly as the "flamingo flower" and "tongues of fire". Dense foliage plants growing on thick strong stalks can reach forty centimeters long. This plant blooms all year round, with virtually no interruptions. It impresses with its beauty - the flower is truly amazing.
The plant capriciously, demanding, and to cultivate a true masterpiece, you need time and patience. Anthurium, care in the home for which is carried out properly, will delight you and your guests with bright beautiful colors and the original color, and will adorn the home flower garden.
A bit of anthurium
Anthurium - Flower class Araceae, with many subspecies, the most common of which is the anthurium Andre. This kind comes from the South West of Colombia. He also grows on the north-west Ecuador. It features a shorter stem and special, aerial roots. The leaves on long cuttings have the form of elongated hearts rich green color.
Flowers have cylindrical Andre cob, usually white or yellow. The veil is quite dense, leathery texture, bright and glossy. Flower shape - heart-shaped. Their color can be a delicate, pale pink and bright red. Looking at this kind of anthurium flowers, it may seem that they are plastic - is a kind of difference distinguishes the plant among others.
If you want to add a touch of exoticism to his room, the anthurium Andre for this ideal. But be careful. All aroids, dieffenbachia or whether it anthurium, poisonous. Because if you have small kids or pets, try to put a flower as high as possible, so that it is inaccessible to them.
Another type of popular anthurium home usloviyah- Scherzer anthurium. It is an epiphyte, ie, a plant that is extremely short, often totally underground stems. Older types Scherzer can grow to a height of forty centimeters. Leaves of plants are dark green and leathery, as in the first case. However, they are more opaque and have an elliptical shape. On both sides are covered with barely visible black dots. Scherzer inflorescence, as a rule, rise above the plant itself. Severe instances can have up to five inflorescences. Bedspread Scherzer anthurium has a bright red color, but you can find white, pink and even spotted variety.
Another view, which is to focus - Crystal Anthurium which are grown rather as decorative foliage plants. The foliage may change color from bronze to purple to deep green. The flower has leaves up to twenty centimeters. Their shape is heart-shaped, with a pleasant velvety surface. Leaves hang so that one can well see silver veins protruding surface. Stalks plant smooth and rounded. Peduncles reach forty centimeters, covered, up to ten centimeters is green and sometimes purple color.
Caring for anthurium
Anthurium - a flower that does not accept the bright daylight, because it can detrimental impact on the growth and flowering of plants. For the Anthurium is the most optimal ambient light and penumbra. Place the flower pot with the best around the north-west window, but keep in mind that there should be no drafts and extreme temperatures.
Anthurium - a plant that loves the heat. Even in winter it requires a temperature of at least sixteen degrees. And its flowering at all possible only when the outside temperature reaches 22-23 degrees. In the case of cooling the root system may be anthurium sick. For this reason, the winter remove the pots from the cold window sills, otherwise it may cool earthen room, which is unacceptable.
How to ensure the conservation of earth heat? Transplant a flower in a pot made of plastic, it is well known that this material has a small thermal conductivity. If we talk about temperature, in general, the most suitable temperature in summer is 25-28 degrees in the winter it will be sufficient 16-19 degrees. Try not to break these figures.
Anthurium demanding to watering and humidity. In no case can not be overdry earthen room, but should not be unduly pereuvlazhnyat. The long stagnation of the water can cause rotting of the root system and the appearance of spots on the leaves because once watered the plant, drain excess liquid from the pan. Growing potted anthurium in the home, do not forget about the simple rule: better water Nedolya than fracture.
In no case do not water the plant with water, which is composed of lime. Also unacceptable watering with cold water - it is better to use more warm and soft, with a temperature higher than room for a couple. The same water can be used for spraying. The substrate for the anthurium needs to be acidic. Accordingly, if there is water in the lime leaves turn yellow.
Now about the humidity. In order to maintain this figure is correct, do not forget to spray the smallest flower spray. Sprinkling plants, cover both flowers and buds - this will avoid stains. Next to the pot can place a container filled with evaporating water - this will also help to maintain the optimum moisture content.
Periodically, you can use a humidifier for air, the main thing - do not overdo it. Please note that on the stems of anthurium generated a huge amount of roots (aerial). These roots have to wrap the moss, fixing their braid of soft tissue. In autumn or winter flower needs less watering and spraying.
It is important to remember that between watering the earth in the pot dries in half the pot. Otherwise, the root system will begin to rot. In order to actively plant bloomed since September decrease the interval between waterings. Preferred for anthurium humidity is 70-90%. This is a major problem, because in the indoor environment to achieve this figure is almost impossible.
Speaking of feeding anthurium, it is important to note that it is better to carry out the spring and summer, once every three weeks. What kind of fertilizer is best to use? Apply foliar fertilizer, which must be applied directly on the leaves once a week. For anthurium will be sufficient to actively grow and bloom.
How is the transplant and reproduction?
Like many other plants, anthurium be transplanted directly into the period of active growth. It is usually from February to August. Try as carefully as possible to work with the root system - at anthurium it is extremely fragile and the damage it does not cost anything. If the plant is young, then it should be transplanted every year. But instances of adult transplants require less, once every three or four years.
During the transplant, try to put a flower in the ground deeper than before. Thus on the bottom of the pot should distribute the drainage layer by about one third. As drainage is generally used, expanded clay. After the transplant, watering plants, pause for a few days - let anthurium adapt to the new environment.
How is the reproduction in different color? Best of all flower propagated vegetatively, namely stem cuttings or suckers, which are attended by aerial roots. Sharing is easily separated from the main stem. In addition, they already have good roots. The offspring should immediately be put in a suitable pot. If the plants have 5-6 leaves, the pot should be a diameter of about ten centimeters.
Reproduction possible by seeds that need to sow as soon as they are collected. Seeds sown in sour substrate. However, a much more simple way - a multiplication by dividing the bush, which is most applicable to the flowering anthurium varieties. In the case of ornamental deciduous species better suited first method, vegetative.
However, remember that a good transplant, as well as reproduction, it is impossible, if the plant has been exposed to pests. Speaking of anthuriums, it is worth noting that this flower is rarely sick. However, it is not protected from the harm scale insects and mealybugs, aphids or mites. They can provoke root or stem rot, moistening of the substrate, and anthracnose.
In the case of anthracnose, you can see how dry out sheet at the edge of the plate. If you defeat a strong, they are altogether exhausted and soon die. In the struggle with the disease do not forget to wipe the leaves with a damp soft cloth anthurium. If the leaves have begun to lose decorative, they are removed from the plant every two months. Do not forget to ensure that no new pests.
Anthurium - a plant that demands the full attention. Applying a little effort, ensuring proper care and protecting anthurium from the negative effects of pests, you can grow an expressive, colorful and exotic flower that will impress one of its kind!
Probably rare to find a woman who does not like such beautiful flowers like roses. It has long been generally accepted, they are considered a symbol of romantic feelings. With these young people are a declaration of love or to ask the hand of his beloved. But today it is not only decorative flowers. It has long become popular prepared with rose petals and sweets, jams, teas, launched production of the aromatic salts of roses, it is also used in folk medicine.
Garden plots many lovers, gardeners decorated with beautiful roses that are the pride of every thoughtful hostess. This is a rather whimsical flowers, and if you are going to breed them, you have to be ready, you have to do proper care for roses, knowledge and skills, as well as patience and love. But you will be rewarded for all the work when you see your garden, surrounded by fragrant beauty.
It should be borne in mind that the greenhouse roses can grow in one place up to ten years. Therefore, for the successful cultivation and care of the rose bush need to choose the most convenient place, given that it will employ a rose in a few years. Ideal for growing roses is suitable sunny, well protected from the wind and from the fertile ground landing.
Terms of care for roses
Let's find out how to care for roses and that this requires:
Terms of pruning
Spring comes a time of strong growth for the roses. It starts the process of laying the bud to grow and thicken stalks of the flower, there is a healthy growth of fresh light green or reddish leaves. But sometimes out shoots, called "sleeping", they look thin and underdeveloped. The reason for this may be spring frosts or calcium deficiency. From these shoots should be disposed of.
All the "dormant" runaways cut by one or two leaves, and then give the rose bush liquid fertilizer in the form of manure or fertilizer. After a certain period of time on the shoots, new processes. Do not worry rose when "sleeping" shoots appear in late August. Still young shoots will not have time to ripen in winter and starting to work with them, you just loosen the rose before the cold weather.
Spudding
Rose bushes need a constant loosening the soil. Generally, regular loosening of the soil and the simultaneous removal of weeds around the rose bushes is essential care for this plant. In the garden, these works usually begin in May. In order not to provoke a flower for further growth, cease these activities in July and August. The purpose of loosening - to facilitate the access of air and heat to the root system of the bush roses, along with loosening and weeds are destroyed around the flower. This procedure is useful for the roses in hot weather just after watering.
Typically, after heavy and prolonged rains topsoil is covered with a solid crust, which hinders the penetration of air down to the roots of the rose bush. Therefore, plants need extra loosening the hardened soil, but the depth of loosening should not exceed five to ten centimeters in depth, as a deeper loosening can damage the delicate roots of the bush and thereby cause irreparable damage to the rose.
Mulching the soil fertilizers and fertilization
Caring for roses must be made constantly and after the spring work in the garden, but before the opening of buds on the rose bushes should be addressed mulching the ground surface around the plant. For this purpose, peat, humus or compost torfonavozny. Bedding layer can be carried out up to ten centimeters, reducing the amount of irrigation and loosening around the bush. As a result of mulching the soil improves its chemical and physical properties, which is conducive to development, growth and types of roses.
Roses need good food and a variety of content in the soil of nutrients. Rose bushes in the first year of planting cost three dressings over the summer. Basic dressing made in the second year of cultivation. Because of the biological characteristics of roses require some fertilizer at different times of the year.
Very effective combined use of mineral and organic fertilizers fertilizing roses. Organic matter nourishes and improves the properties and structure of the soil for the growth and activity of the plant. You should know that organic fertilizers compared to mineral operate more slowly. With them you can achieve amazing results in the cultivation of roses, using organic and mineral fertilizers in the correct proportions.
Dry fertilization should be done after a rain or watering abundant. Fertilizers should not scatter in the center of the bush is wise to retreat to fifteen centimeters, and after the addition of fertilizer is necessary once again to water the soil. In clay soils, it is recommended to feed rose less, and growing on sandy soils, the flowers usually require feeding. During flowering garden roses flower growers experienced pokarmlivayut not at all.
Proper watering
Roses, like most species of flora, painfully suffer water shortages. Lack of water affects the growth of the shoots begin to wither and crumble the leaves, shrub loses its decorative beauty. Roses moisture is most needed in the period of intensive development, and particularly - in the phase when the first shoots, buds and first leaves appear. This is also the period of the end of the first flowering and new shoots.
Watering delicate garden roses recommended snow or rain water. If you are using a watering can, the spray should not be applied. Thus it is better to pour a straight stream, toward the base of the flower in a specially prepared for this recess. In several approaches, gradually watering should be spent up to fifteen liters of water. When watering is necessary to be careful and try not to spray water leaves the bush. Such abundant watering once a week, and on hot days - every three or four days.
The daily surface watering rose bushes does not saturate with moisture until the end. The plant is periodically needed abundant watering. But in any case, can not be used for watering the cold water. Roses from this start to hurt: the roots lose their ability to absorb water, and the water there is a period of fasting in flower.
Features watering late in the season:
Late August and early September - a time when excessive watering roses brings harm. Excessive water flower pushing for further growth, new sprouts do not have time time to ripen, and soon they easily become victims of the first frost. So at the end of the season - in the last days of summer - the roses will be sufficient rainfall.
But sometimes it happens September hot and dry, in this case, roses desirable moderate watering once a week to twelve liters of water per bush. For the winter period, when the soil is hardened stops flowing water in the roots of the rose had its moisture reserves.
Preparing for winter and shelter
Caring for garden roses and preparation plant for the winter period has its specific features. Garden roses are heat-loving plants, and cold, reaching minus ten degrees Celsius, harmful to them. Therefore, the rose bushes for the winter should cover. Before the shelter relies cut weak and thin shoots, because they will only deplete the healthy parts of the bush. A strong and thick shoots cut, leaving up to sixty centimeters in height from the ground.
Typically, winter shelter rose bushes using peat, turf soil, humus or compost. The listed substrates is desirable to add sawdust. The protective material is better to prepare in advance, carefully put them in groups near each bush. If, before the beginning of November there will be first a cold, you should jot down and compacted around the base of the rose bush protective material layer, the height of which must be up to forty centimeters. And on top of spruce branches, or even cover with plastic wrap.
All materials for insulation roses for the winter should be dry. If they are wet, they just zaledeneyut and become impermeable coating through which no oxygen to the roots of the rose; and the plant itself vymerznet. This method can not be used to cover the marshy soils and soils with groundwater, because in such a case, a greenhouse, where the roses are starting to rot and decay.
Spring Garden Roses painfully react to warming and arising out of it overheating. In March, it is necessary to remove the protective material remaining snow and undermine the branch ducts. It is necessary to allow the water was not going to drop-off locations roses. But about the middle of April, when the weather becomes more stable, the plants should be exempt from the insulation material. And to protect roses from sunburns and drying, they need to cover lightly with dry leaves - until the first sprouts, then remove the cover from the leaves.
Protection against pests and the prevention of possible diseases
In order to protect roses from diseases and insect damage, it is necessary to take the necessary measures sanitation. Periodically watering flowers in the garden, you can simultaneously examine them; so you'll notice a change in time in the bush, leaves, petals or bud. The affected part should be cut and sprinkle bush appropriate protective drug.
In the garden roses are more prone to diseases such as gray mold, rust, powdery mildew, burn infection and the appearance of spots on the leaves. Dangerous for the pests of roses are leafhoppers, aphids, leaf roller, gallic mite, spider mites and rose sawfly.
At the optimum location in the rose garden are the most resistant to pests and various diseases. But even the hardiest varieties of roses growing on fertile soil, are not insured by the appearance of pests and diseases. Adverse weather, such as drought or long rainy summer may contribute to the development of diseases in rose bushes.
It is important to continually inspect the rose, although the first days of the appearance of the disease or pest notice it is very difficult. But it is by no means impossible to miss obvious symptoms of insects or any disease. Take as soon as possible the necessary steps, the only way you can save your roses.
Some people believe that certain conditions and proper care for roses can only provide experts in the field of floriculture. Such an opinion was formed in an effort to eliminate the "ideal" roses grown specifically for exhibitions and competitions. Of course, in this case, it requires some knowledge and experience of the grower.
But with the right approach, following the basic requirements and regulations for the care of rose bushes, they grow without problems in the garden even novice gardeners. Therefore, dear women, boldly planted in his garden the queen of flowers and enjoy the pleasant smell and beautiful coloring of this magical flower.
